Pakistan Studies 9th Class Notes Chapter 2

Important Pakistan Studies 9th Class Notes Chapter 2 as The Pakistan Movement and Emergency of Pakistan English medium written by Sir Nawab Khan Suib. These computerized questions with their answers are very helpful in the preparation of The Pakistan Movement and Emergency of Pakistan for the students of the 9th class English medium and these are according to the paper patterns of all Punjab boards.

• Here are the detailed Pakistan Studies 9th Class Notes Chapter 2 to help you prepare for your exams.
• Important Multiple Choice Questions and Short Questions of The Pakistan Movement and Emergency of Pakistan class 9 from previous years past papers of all Punjab Boards.
• Partition of Bengal 1905: In British India, the province of Bengal was larger than all other provinces in terms of population and area. The economic system here was completely under the control of Hindus. In 1905, on the recommendation of Lord Curzon, the then Viceroy of India, the British Parliament divided Bengal into two parts to improve its administration. According to the British, it was not possible for a governor to properly manage such a large and vast province. 
• The Muslims were very happy with this partition because there was a majority of Muslims in East Bengal, which became a new province. But Hindus were unhappy with this division as they could not afford to lose their economic and political monopoly over Bengal. It was for this reason that the Hindus refused to accept the partition of Bengal and called for a repeal of this partition. They started a non-cooperation movement, announced boycott of English goods, stopped payments of taxes and eventually resorted to violence. Under these circumstances, the British government surrendered at last and annulled the partition of Bengal in 1911.
• Simla Deputation 1906: In view of the attitude of the Hindus on the partition of Bengal, the Muslims chose a new way to protect their rights. On 1st October 1906, a Muslim political delegation led by Sir Agha Khan, met Lord Minto, the Viceroy of India at Simla to demand a separate electorate for Muslims. The Viceroy gave a positive response. There was no political party of Muslims at that time. After this event, Muslims intensely felt the need for a political party which was formed as Muslim League. In 1909, the Muslims were given the right to separate electorate.
• Establishment of Muslim League 1906: The Muslim League was established in 1906 in Dhaka. Following factors played an important role in its formation:
• 1. The partition of Bengal in 1905 and the reaction of Hindus. 2. The British attitude. 3. Sense of deprivation of the Muslims. 4. Ignoring the Muslims politically.
• Due to these factors, the Muslims who had been oppressed by the British-Hindu cooperation became active and came to the realm of common thinking. The following were the main objectives of the formation of the Muslim League:
• 1. To develop the feelings of loyalty towards the British among the Muslims, and to remove all sorts of misunderstandings about the acts of the government.
• 2. To safeguard the political rights of Muslims and to convey their demands to the government.
• 3. To develop friendly relations with all the nations of the subcontinent without harming the above mentioned objectives of Muslim League.
• Minto-Morley Reforms 1909: The partition of Bengal in 1905 led to increased political unrest in the country. Hindus and Muslims were getting fed up with each other. Realizing the sensitivity of the situation, Mr. Morley an Indian Minister and Lord Minto the Governor General jointly compiled some reforms for India. The British Parliament passed the reforms bill under the Indian Councils Act, 1909.
• These reforms are commonly referred to as the "Minto Morley Reforms. "Under these reforms, the Central and Provincial Legislative Councils were expanded and the number of their members was increased. The separate electoral method was also approved.