Chemistry Chapter 2 Notes Class 11

• Here are the detailed 11th chemistry chapter 2 notes to help you prepare for your exams.
• Define analytical chemistry.
• Define qualitative and quantitative analysis.
• Mention the steps involved in quantitative determination of a sample. 
• Name the various experimental techniques used for the purification of the substances. 
• Define Filtration. Mention various filter media used. Ans: The process of filtration is used to separate insoluble particles from liquids. It can be performed with several types of filter media. Nature of the precipitate and other factors dictate which filter medium must be used. The most convenient ways of filtration are either through a filter paper or through a filter crucible.
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• What is the purpose of fluted filter paper? How can it be obtained? 
• How does the rate of filtration increase by using fluted filter paper?
• Tell about construction and working of Gooch crucible. 
• Describe construction and working of sintered glass crucible.
• What is the difference between Gooch crucible and Sintered glass crucible?
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• Desiccator is the safest method of drying the crystals. Explain.
• How decolourization of undesirable colours from crystals is carried?
• What are the characteristics of a good solvent/ideal solvent? 
• What type of substances can be purified by sublimation?
• Why repeated extractions are more efficient than single extraction in solvent extraction? OR In solvent extraction technique, why repeated extraction using small portions of solvents are more efficient than using a single extraction but larger volume of solvent?
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• Iodine is more soluble in water in the presence of KI. Give reason.
• What is adsorption chromatography and partition chromatography? Or What are the types of chromatography?
• What are the uses of chromatography? OR Give any two uses of chromatography. 
• A water insoluble organic compound aspirin is prepared by the reaction of salicylic acid with a mixture of acetic acid and acetic anhydride. How will you separate the product from the reaction mixture? 
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• Why is There a Need to Crystallize the Crude Product? Crude product prepared in laboratory may contain soluble and insoluble impurities in it. The insoluble impurities of the product are removed by filtration process but the soluble impurities can be removed by crystallization. So, crude product is crystallized to remove impurities.
• What is Solvent Extraction? Ans: Solvent extraction is an important technique in chemical analysis. According to this technique, a solute can be separated from a solution by shaking the solution with a solvent in which the solute is more soluble and the added solvent does not mix with the solution. Usually it is done by placing the solution and the second liquid into a separating funnel. The funnel is stoppered andthe two liquids are shaken together.
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• What are the Types of Chromatography? Ans: Adsorption Chromatography: Chromatography in which the stationary phase is a solid, is classified as adsorption chromatography. In this type, a substance leaves the mobile phase to become adsorbed on the surface of the solid phase. Example: Thin layer chromatography or column chromatography Partition Chromatography: Chromatography in which the stationary phase is a liquid, is called partition chromatography. In this type, the substances being separated are distributed throughout both the stationary and mobile phases. Example: Paper chromatography.
• What are the Uses of Chromatography? OR Give any two uses of chromatography. Ans: The techniques of chromatography are very useful in organic synthesis for separation, isolation and purification of the products. They are equally important in qualitative and quantitative analyses and for determination of the purity of a substance.
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