2nd Year Computer Chapter 1 Notes

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• Q 1: The manipulated and processed data is called: (a) Object (b) Information (c) Knowledge (d) Data
• Q 2: The process of arranging data in a logical sequence is called. (a) Sorting (b) Summarizing (c) Capturing (d) Classifying
• Q 3: Storage and retrieval of data are related is. (a) Data capturing (b) Data manipulation (c) Analysis result (d) Managing output
• Q 4: A collection of raw facts and figures is called. (a) Data (b) Information (c) Processing (d) Output
• Q 5: Which of the following represents an object? (a) Person (b) Company (c) An event (d) All of these
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• Q 6: A person's account, computer, car and college are considered: (a) Table (b) Data processing (c) Raw data (d) Object
• Q 7: Which of the following is an example of student data? (a) Roll - no (b) Name (c) Address (d) All of these
• Q 8: A series of actions that are performed on raw data to achieve the required objectives and 
• results are called.  (a) Operation (b) Data processing (c) Information (d) Both A & B
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• Q 9: Which of the following activities involved in data processing or operating? (a) Data capturing (b) Data manipulation (c) Managing output result (d) All of these
• Q10: Communicating the information through Internet is related to: (a) Managing the output result (b) Data manipulation (c) Data capturing (d) Sorting
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• Q11: A set of related records that represents a unit of data is.  (a) File (b) Record (c) Field (d) Database
• Q12: Each column in a table represents. (a) Field (b) Record (c) File (d) Data set
• Q13: All records in a file have the same.  (a) Contents (b) Structure (c) Order (d) Key
• Q14: The type of files from usage point of view includes: (a) Master file (b) Backup file (c) Transaction file (d) All of these
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• What is Data? Ans: Raw facts and figures are called data. It is used to perform certain operations in an organization. It gives the status of past activities. Data may be numerical like inventory figures, test scores, etc. Data may be non-numerical like your name and address. 
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• What is information? Processed data is called information. It is usually the output of a process and is meaningful. The grade of a student in a particular subject in a semester precisely gives the complete information of the performance of a student.
• What is the difference between data and information?
• Define data processing.
• What is data manipulation?
• Define field. Define record.
• Define file.
• Name the file types from a usage point of view.
• Name the file types from a function point of view.
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• What is a program file?
• What do you mean by file organization?
• Name different types of file organization.
• What are sequential files?
• What are direct or random access files?
• What are indexed sequential files?
• What is an index?
• Define database.
• What is a database management system?
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• What is a data dictionary?
• What do you mean by consistency constraint?
• What is meant by data independence?
• Name some large databases developed.
• Write down any two disadvantages of a database system.
• What are the activities performed on data?
• Name the four major components of a database system.