1st Year Computer Chapter 1 Notes

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• What is Data?
• What is Data Processing? 
• Define information
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• What is Information Technology?
• What is digital convergence?
• What is Artificial Intelligence?
• What is a computer?
• Define hardware.
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• Define Software.
• What is system software? 
• What is application software?
• What is customized software?
• What is package software?
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• What do you mean by Input?
• What do you know about input devices?
• What is direct input?
• What is indirect input? 
• Define Keyboard. What are pointing devices?
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• What is the function of a mouse?
• What is trackball? 
• What is a touchpad or a trackpad?
• Define light pen.  What is a stylus? 
• What are source-data entry devices?
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• What is a joystick?
• What is a touch screen?
• What is a pointing stick?
• What is a digitizer/graphics tablet?
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• Define mark and character recognition devices.
• Define MICR.  Define OCR?  Define OMR.
• What are Magnetic Strip Cards?
• What are Smart Cards?
• What is a bar Code?
• What is a bar code reader?
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• What is a facsimile?
• What is a Dedicated Fax Machine?
• What is a Fax Modem?
• What is audio Input?
• What do you know about audio input devices?
• What is video Input?
• What do you know about video input devices?
• What is a digital camera?
• What is meant by output?
• Define softcopy output.
• Define Hardcopy output.
• What are output devices?
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• What is the display screen (Monitor)?
• What is VGA?
• What is SVGA?
• What is XGA?
• What is a CRT monitor?
• What is a flat panel monitor?
• What is an LCD Monitor?
• Write three technologies used in flat panel monitors.
• What do you know about Gas Plasma Displays?
• What is the use of Printer? Define Impact Printers.
• Define non-impact printers. Define dot matrix printers.
• Define daisy wheel printers.  Define line printers.
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• Define Inkjet printers.  Define Laser printers.
• Define Plotters.  What are Flatbed Plotters?
• What do you know about Drum Plotter?
• Define System. Define SDLC.
• What is Floppy Disk/Diskette?  What is a Hard Disk?
• Define Parallel Conversion.
• Define Pilot Conversion.
• What is direct conversion? What is phased conversion?
• Mouse: A mouse is an input device that looks a little bit like a mouse. It has a ball on its underside that is rolled on a flat surface or mouse-pad. The rolling movement causes a corresponding cursor movement on the screen. It enables us to reposition the cursor (or pointer) on the screen where ever we want. It also has buttons on its top which communicate certain commands to the computer while pressed. In particular, button is often used to click on an icon (icon represents a computer activity or command) to invoke the command.
• Trackball: The trackball is a movable ball, on top of a stationary device, that is rotated with fingers or palm of the hand. Its popularity surged with the advent of laptop computers where traveling users found themselves without a flat surface to roll the traditional mouse. It looks like the mouse turned upside down and likewise, has additional buttons whose functions vary depending on the software.
• Pointing Stick: A pointing stick is a pointing device that looks like a pencil eraser protruding from the keyboard between the G, H, and B keys. We move the pointing stick with our forefinger while using the thumb to press buttons located in front of the space bar. Another device like a Pointing stick is the Joystick, It is a pointing device that consists of a vertical handle like a gearshift lever mounted on a base with one or two buttons.