1st Year Chemistry Chapter 11 Notes

• Important Fill in the blanks of Chapter Number 11: Reaction Kinetics of First-year Chemistry
• What do you mean by chemical kinetics?
• How does a catalyst affect the reversible chemical reaction?
• Rate of chemical reaction is an ever changing parameter under the given conditions.
• The reaction rate decreases every moment but rate constant 'k' of the reaction is a constant quantity, under the given conditions. 50% of a hypothetical first-order reaction completes in one hour. The remaining 50% needs more than one hour to complete. the radioactive decay is always a first order reaction: "Those reaction in which the rate of a reaction depend upon the concentration of a single reactant (specie) are called 1st" order reactions.” In the disintegration of a radioactive element, only a single specie is involved in the rate determining step. Hence a radioactive decay is always a first order reaction. e.g. The disintegration of radioactive 92𝑈 235 has a half-life of 710 million years. If 1 kg of 92𝑈 235 disintegrates, then 0.5 kg of it is converted into daughter element in 710 million years. Out of 0.5 kg, 0.25 kg will decay in next 710 million years.
• The order of a reaction is obtained from the rate expression of a reaction and the rate expression is obtained from the experiment. 
• How the physical state of a catalyst alters at the end of a reaction.
• A very small amount of a catalyst may prove sufficient to carry out a reaction.
• Equilibrium constant of a reversible reaction is not changed in the presence of a catalyst.
• A catalyst is specific in its action. Justify?
• what is a negative catalyst? : "When the rate of reaction is retarded by adding a substance, then it is said to be a negative catalyst”. It is also known as inhibitor.
• What is specific rate constant or velocity constant? Or Define specific rate constant. What is the effect of temperature on it?
• Differentiate between homogeneous catalysis and heterogeneous catalysis. OR Define heterogeneous catalysis with an example. OR Define homogenous catalysis with two examples.
• Differentiate between instantaneous and average rate of reaction.
• How light affects the rate of a reaction?
• Give two characteristics of enzyme catalysis.
• Compare molecularity and order of reaction.
• Write a note on auto-catalyst. OR What is auto-catalyst? Give one example.
• How surface area affect the rate of reaction give an example.
• What is an order reaction? Give one example.
• Differentiate between slow step and fast step.
• Differentiate between enthalpy change of a reaction and energy of activation of a reaction.
• The sum of the coefficients of a balanced chemical equation is not necessarily important to give the order of a reaction.
• Give four characteristics of enzyme catalysis.
• How light and surface area affect the rate of reactions?
• How does the Arrhenius equation help us to calculate the energy of activation of a reaction?
• Define the half-life period and order of a reaction. Describe the half-life method to determine the order or reaction.
• Write down any four characteristics of a catalyst.
• What is Catalysis? Differentiate Between Homogeneous and Heterogeneous catalysis with one example in each.