Class 9 Physics Notes Chapter 8

Complete Notes of Class 9 Physics Notes Chapter 8 Thermal Properties of Matter Notes of 9th Class Physics English Medium written by Professor Tayyab Shahzad. These computerized notes are very helpful in the preparation of Thermal Properties of Matter Notes for students of the Class 9 Physics Notes Chapter 8 these are according to the paper patterns of all Punjab boards.

• Here are the detailed Chapter 8 Physics Class 9 Notes to help you prepare for your exams.
• Thermal Properties of Matter Exercise Multiple Choice Questions ( MCQs ) with correct Answers
• Thermal Properties of Matter Exercise Short Questions with Answers
• Why does heat flow from a hot body to a cold body?
• What is meant by the internal energy of a body?
• Define the terms heat and temperature.
• How does heating affect the motion of molecules of a gas?
• Explain the volumetric thermal expansion.
• What is a thermometer? Why mercury is preferred as a thermometric substance?
• Define specific heat. How would you find the specific heat of a solid?
• Define latent heat of vaporization.
• Define and explain the latent heat of fusion.
• What is meant by evaporation? On what factors the evaporation of a liquid depends? Explain how cooling is produced by evaporation.
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• Important Units and Important Formulas
• Thermal Properties of Matter Exercise Numericals with Solutions
• Temperature and heat class 9: When we touch a body, we feel it hot or cold. The temperature of a body tells us how hot or cold a body is. Thus 
• "Temperature of a body is the degree of hotness or coldness of the body". 
• A candle flame is hot and is said to be at high temperature. Ice on the other hand is cold and is said to be at low temperature. Our sense of touch is a simple way to know how much hot or cold a body is. However, this temperature sense is some what approximation and unreliable. Moreover, it is not always safe to touch a hot body. What we need is a reliable and practicable method to determine the relative hotness or coldness of bodies. To understand the concept of temperature, it is useful to understand the terms, thermal contact and thermal equilibrium. To store ice in summer, people wrap it with cloth or keep it in wooden box or in thermos flask. In this way, they avoid the thermal contact of ice with its hot surroundings otherwise ice will soon melt away.
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• Similarly, when you place a cup of hot tea or water in a room, it cools down gradually. Does it continue cooling? It stops cooling as it reaches the room temperature. Thus, temperature determines the direction of flow of heat. Heat flows from a hot body to a cold body until thermal equilibrium is reached. What happens when we touch a hot body? Take two bodies having different temperatures. Bring them in contact with each other. The temperature of the hot body falls. It looses energy. This energy enters the cold body at lower temperature. Cold body gains energy and its temperature rises. The transfer of energy continues till both the bodies have the same temperature. The form of energy that is transferred from a hot body to a cold body is called heat. Thus
• "Heat is the energy that is transferred from one body to the other in thermal contact with each other as a result of the difference of temperature between them".
• Heat is therefore, called as the energy in transit. Once heat enters a body, it becomes its internal energy and no longer exists as heat energy.
• What is internal energy of a body? "The sum of kinetic energy and potential energy associated with the atoms, molecules and particles of a body is called its internal energy".
• Internal energy of a body depends on many factors thermometer shows body temperature. such as the mass of the body, kinetic and potential energies of molecules etc. Kinetic energy of an atom or molecule is due to its motion which depends upon the temperature. Potential energy of atoms or molecules is the stored energy due to intermolecular forces.
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• THERMOMETER: A device that is used to measure the temperature of a body is called thermometer. Some substances have property that changes with temperature. Substances that show a change with temperature can be used as a thermometric material. Nearly all the substances expand on heating. Liquids also expand on heating and are suitable as thermometric materials. Common thermometers are generally made using some suitable liquid as thermometric material. A thermometric liquid should have the following properties: