Class 12 Biology Chapter 19 Notes

• Important class 12 biology chapter 19 mcqs for Intermediate part-II students.
• What do you mean by open growth?
• What is blastoderm?
• What is a cleft palate?
• What is microcephaly?
• What is neurula?  OR What is neurocoele? 
• What is the present goal of gerontology?
• Important biology class 12 chapter 19 notes for Intermediate part-II students.
• What is gastrocoel and from which germ layer it is originated?
• What is Henson’s node? Give its role.
• What is meant by discoidal cleavage?
• What is meristem?  OR  Define meristem. Name its types based on position.  OR  Describe various types of meristems.  OR What is apical meristem?  OR  What are intercalary meristems. Give their role. OR  What do you mean by lateral meristem.
• Important chapter 19 class 12 biology notes for Intermediate part-II students.
• What is the difference between epiblast and hypoblast?
• What is the difference between inhibitory effect and compensatory effect?
• Write down the names of different kinds of cytoplasm’s with their functions.
• Important class 12 chapter 19 biology notes for Intermediate part-II students.
• Briefly describe the external and internal factors that affect growth in plants.
• Define aging and write its symptoms.  OR  Give symptoms of aging. OR  What are important signs of aging in human beings?  OR  What are the causes of aging and how aging can be slowed down? 
• Important chapter 19 class 12 biology short questions for Intermediate part-II students.
• Define gastrulation in chick.
• Define neurocoel, blastocoel and gastrocoel.
• Define organizer and inducer substance. OR  What are primary organizer and inducer substances?
• Define teratology and teratogens?  OR  Define teratology.
• Important class 12 biology chapter 19 important questions for Intermediate part-II students.
• Differentiate between area pellucida and area opacca.
• Differentiate between gerontology and teratology.
• Differentiate between growth and development.  OR  Define growth.
• Differentiate between morula and blastula.
• Important biology class 12 chapter 19 important long questions for Intermediate part-II students.
• Differentiate between primary and secondary growth.
• Give the name of the two sheets like layers into which mesoderm splits and name the cavity formed between these.  OR  Differentiate between somatic and splanchnic mesoderm.
• How is final size of cells of cortex and tracheids is attained in zone of maturation?
• How notochord is formed in chick embryo?
• Important class 12 biology chapter 5 short questions for Intermediate part-II students.
• State the role of gray vegetal and grey equatorial cytoplasm.

• What is secondary growth?  The growth of secondary tissues i.e., secondary xylem and phloem, by the intercalary or vascular cambium leading to increase in thickness is called secondary growth.
• Name the factors by which rate of growth is influenced?  The growth rate is influenced by number of factors both external and internal. External factor are temperature, light, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc. While internal factors are hormones,  water, vitamins etc.
• Important class 12 biology chapter 5 short notes for Intermediate part-II students.
• What is correlation?  The development of a plant is usually correlated with its growth and different organs grow at different rates in different directions and the development of different parts takes place, such reciprocal relationship is known as correlation.
•  Important notes of chapter 5 biology class 12 for Intermediate part-II students.
• What is discoidal cleavage?  In bird's egg the process of cell division is confined to the small disc of protoplasm lying on the surface of the yolk at the animal pole. This type of cleavage is referred to as discoidal cleavage.
• Important class 12 biology chapter 5 exercise solutions for Intermediate part-II students.
• Which process is defined as negative physiological changes?  Aging can be defined as negative physiological changes in our body.
• Differentiate between growth and development?  Growth is the permanent and irreversible increase in size that occurs as an organism matures. While the progressive changes which are undergone before an organism become adult,  constitute embryonic development.
• Important class 12 biology chapter 5 important questions for Intermediate part-II students.
• Important question of Biology class 12 chapter 5