Ch 6 Chemistry Class 12
Important Easy Notes of Ch 6 Chemistry Class 12 written by Professor Mr. Zaheer Ikram Suib. These notes are very helpful in the preparation of Chemistry for students of the 12th class and these are according to the paper patterns of all Sindh Book Boards.
Summary and Contents:
Topics which are discussed in the notes are given below:
- Definition of haloalkanes
- Types of haloalkanes and classification of alkyl halides
- Structure of alkyl halide
- Physical properties of alkyl halides
- Preparation of alkyl halides: (1) Reaction of alcohol with hydrogen halides (2) Reaction of alcohol with halogenating agents (3) By the halogenation of alkane.
- Definition of Nucleophilic substitution reaction.
- Mechanism of nucleophilic substitution reactions.
- Carbocations and stability and elimination reactions.
- Definition of organometallic compounds
- What is Grignard's Reagent?
- Preparation of Grignard reagent and Reactions of Grignard reagent
- Physical properties of amine and structure of amine.
- Preparation of amines: (i) Alkylation of ammonia by alkyl halides (ii) Reduction of nitriles (iii) Reduction of amides.
- Reactions of amines: (i) Alkylation of amines by alkyl amines (ii) Reaction of amine with aldehyde and ketone (iii) Preparation of amides (iv) Preparation of diazonium salt.
- Solved Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ's) of the Ch 6 Chemistry Class 12 Sindh Book Boards.
- How are alkyl halides prepared by the reaction of alcohol with (i) HX (ii) PX3 (iii) SOCl2. Give the equations.
- How are amines prepared from nitriles, give the equations.
- Why are secondary and tertiary amines more alkaline than primary amines?
- Why the alkyl part of Grignard reagent is nucleophilic in nature?
- Give an account on the basicity of amines.
- How can you justify the fact that alkyl halides are water insoluble?
- How can you define a nucleophile? Write the names of four nucleophiles along with their typical reagents.
- Why the mechanism of SN² reaction completes in one step?
- How can you define nucleophilic substitution reactions? Describe the mechanisms of SN¹ and SN² reactions
- What is ẞ-elimination? Discuss the mechanisms of E1 and E2 reactions.
- What are organometallic compounds? How is Grignard reagent prepared? Write down the reactions of Grignard reagent with water, carbon dioxide, ester and amines.
- What are alkyl halides? Define primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl halides.
- How can you define a nucleophile? Write the names of four nucleophiles along with their typical reagents.
- Draw the orbital structure of methyl iodide and explain the type of hybridization in it.
- Give a comparative study between nucleophilic substitution reactions and elimination reactions of Alkyl halides.