Alcohol Phenol and Ether Class 12

Complete handwritten notes on Chapter No. 18:  Alcohol Phenol and Ether Class 12 written by Mr. Abdullah Javad. These notes are very helpful in the preparation of Alcohol Phenol and Ether Class 12 for the students of Chemistry in the 2nd Year and these are according to the paper patterns of all Federal boards (FBISE ).

Summary and Contents:
Topics which are discussed in the notes are given below:

  • The structural formula of alcohol, phenol, and ethers
  • What are alcohols? how are they classified?
  • Classification of alcohols (i)  monohydric alcohol (ii)  polyhydric alcohol
  • Methods of preparation (i) hydration of Alkenes (ii)  hydrolysis of alkyl sulphate
  • Reactions of RLi or RMgX with Aldehydes and Ketones or Reactions of Grignard's reagent with carbonyl compounds
  • Reduction of aldehydes and ketones
  • Reaction of RLi or RMgX  with Esters
  • Reactions of alcohols (i) Reaction with halogen acid  (ii) Reaction with Thionylchloride ( Socl2) (iii) Reaction with Phosphorus halide  (iv) Acidic Dehydration of Alcohol
  • How will you Distinguish between Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Alcohols?
  • What are phenols? how are they classified?
  • Physical properties of phenols
  • Methods of preparation  (i) From sodium salt benzene sulphonic acid  (ii)  Base hydrolysis of chlorobenzene or Dow's Method (iii) Acidic Oxidation of Cumene (iv) From Aryl diazonium salt
  • Reactions of phenols (i) Nitration (ii) sulphonation (iii) halogenation
  • Difference between alcohols and phenols with examples
  • What are Ethers? How are they classified?
  • Methods of preparation (i)  Williamson synthesis (ii) reaction of alkyl halides with dry Ag2O (iii) Dehydration of alcohols
  • Physical properties of alcohols
  • Chemical reactivity
  • How will you distinguish between ethers and alcohols?
  • How Ethers show resistance to oxidation?
  • Reactions of ethers (i) Reaction with H-Br  (ii) Reaction with H-I
  • Exercise Solutions of alcohol, phenol, and ethers  and Also Quizzes 

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