2nd Year Biology Chapter 18 Notes
Complete handwritten 2nd Year Biology Chapter 18 Notes written by Professor Mr. Adnan Haider. These notes are very helpful in the preparation of Reproduction of 2nd year Biology for the students of the intermediate and these are according to the paper patterns of all Punjab boards.
Summary and Contents:
Topics which are discussed in the notes are given below:
- Important 2nd Year Biology Chapter Reproduction notes for Intermediate part-II students.
- What changes occur in ovulation and menstruation during pregnancy?
- What is the difference between oogenesis and spermatogenesis in humans?
- How a seed is formed?
- What is the importance of seed in the life cycle of a plant?
- Important 2nd Year Biology Chapter Reproduction mcqs for Intermediate part-II students.
- Differentiate between isomorphic and heteromorphic alternation of generations.
- What is the importance of the evolution of the pollen tube?
- Why in every STD eyes of neonate are effected?
- Important 2nd Year Biology Chapter 18 mcqs for Intermediate part-II students.
- What is seed dormancy? What is its importance?
- Differentiate between identical twins and fraternal twins.
- Differentiate between viviparous and ovoviviparous.
- What is lactation? Which hormones stimulate it?
- Important 2nd Year Biology Chapter 18 short questions for Intermediate part-II students.
- Name the maternal hormones involved in triggering of birth.
- What are STDs? Write names?
- Explain one bacterial and one viral STD.
- Define parthenocarpy. How it can be induced?
- Write the name of two LDPs(Long day plant) and two SDPs(Short day plant).
- Important 2nd Year Biology Chapter 18 important short questions for Intermediate part-II students.
- What are apomixes? What is an estrous cycle?
- Define Menopause. What is ovulation? In humans where fertilization occur?
- Name fetal hormones involved in triggering of birth.
- What is phytochrome? What are its types?
- What is reproduction? What is its importance?
- Important 2nd Year Biology Chapter 18 important long questions for Intermediate part-II students.
- What is Vernalisation? Define cloning.
- Differentiate between oviparous and viviparous animals
- What is tissue culturing?
- Explain the disease gonorrhoea.
- What are spermatophytes?
- Important 2nd Year Biology Chapter 18 Reproduction notes for Intermediate part-II students.
- What is the function of germinating pollen grain?
- What is diploid parthenogenesis?
- Which are fraternal twins or triplets?
- What do you mean by Hermaphrodite?
- What is ovoviviparous condition?
- Important 2nd Year Biology Chapter 18 Reproduction short questions for Intermediate part-II students.
- Which method of reproduction is primitive asexual, or sexual?
- What are the different methods of asexual reproduction?
- What is a fruit set? Define climatric.
- Define photoperiodism. What is florigen?
- Give some advantages of cloning.
- Important 2nd Year Biology Reproduction chapter for Intermediate part-II students.
- Give some disadvantages of cloning.
- What is external genitalia in human male?
- What is sexual reproduction?
- What are spermatocytes and spermatids?
- What are the various parts of the female reproductive system?
- What is the average loss of blood during delivery?
- Name fetal hormones involved in triggering of birth. The ACTH released from fetal pituitary stimulates the fetal adrenal gland to release corticosteroids, which cross placental barrier and enter the maternal blood circulation causing a decrease in progesterone production. The reduction of progesterone level stimulates the pituitary gland to produce oxytocin hormones.
- Explain the disease gonorrhoea. It is caused by a gram positive bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It mainly affect the mucous membrane of urinogenital tract. New born infact may acquire serious eye infections if they pass through the infected birth canal. It is highly contagious sexual disease. It is transferred through sexual contacts.
- What is the function of germinating pollen grain? Germinating pollen grain is not only an important structure for safe transfer of gametes and insurance for fertilization but also a rich source of auxins as well as commonly stimulating the tissues of the style and ovary to produce more auxin. This auxin is necessary for fruit set, i.e. retention of ovary, which becomes the fruit after fertilization.
- What is diploid parthenogenesis? Diploid parthenogenesis is that in which the egg-producing cells of the female undergo a modified form of meiosis involving total non-dis-junction of the chromosomes, they retain the diploid number of chromosomes. Egg develops into young females.
- Which are fraternal twins or triplets? In some case, the female produces more than one egg and all eggs are independently fertilized forming two or more zygotes.
- important long questions of biology 2nd year chapter 18